The Catholics are Coming! The Catholics are Coming!
It was too good to be true: the Religious Right being so nice and quiet recently. Looks like we’re in for a revival, although expect to hear less about creationism in the classroom or the Ten Commandments in the courtroom. Get ready for natural law and practical reason. The Thomists are comin’ to town!
At least that’s what I got out of this New York Times Magazine article:http://www.nytimes.com/2009/12/20/magazi
If you noticed, even though “Robby” George’s underlying philosophy differs from, say, Jerry Falwell’s, the message is the same: no abortion, no gay marriage. Social justice? Forget about it! The reactionary politics remains the same, but packaging it under the Thomas Aquinas brand was a new twist.
I’m no philosopher, but when I jumped into the Marxist thing way back when, I found out that the founder started out as one. Fresh from the university, Marx, and his colleague Engels (who never attended an institution of higher learning) set out to clarify their own logical and analytical method before grappling with history, economics and politics. With some borrowings from Hegel and Feuerbach (with some big changes) they came up with what is now called dialectical materialism.
So, of course, I had to get into some of that. Realize something here: Marxism is an extended polemic with the bourgeois point of view on just about everything. In philosophy, there is a basic divide between idealism and materialism: what came first, mind or matter? Marxists say matter. But in the debates, Thomas of Aquinas never came up. His 13th century idealism had been superseded by the rationalism of the 18th century Enlightenment.
Kant replaced natural law with the “categorical imperative.” In place of divine revelation, Hegel put the Absolute Idea in its dialectical phases. Feuerbach later came along, trying to bring everything down to material earth (although he erred on the side of being too “mechanical” in his categories of existence).
The point is that any philosophy is a product of mental processes of people living in a given society at a given time. It’s a response to a particular environment. Loves, hates, hopes, fears, dreams, nightmares – all of a kind specific to a specific set of people – provide the basis of any school of philosophical thought. And philosophers, like the rest of us, live in class-divided societies. Your philosophy says a lot about your social class.
My debates weren’t with Thomists, they were with modern idealists: positivists and pragmatists, descendants of British utilitarianism and empiricism. They were idealists because, even though they talked about knowledge as a product of our senses (as opposed to revelation), they held that since we are limited to knowing what our senses tell us, we can cannot make any sweeping statements about reality in general, just that part of it that each of us experiences. In other words, that nature – reality – is dependent on being experienced by humans. Materialism holds that nature – the universe, the earth – exists, and existed, prior to, and independently of us.
Thomas of Aquinas would have had a hard time comprehending such a notion. He was probably the most advanced thinker of his time. But he lived at the end of what is called the High Middle Ages. He died in 1274. To think that his ideas could provide any sort of guidance to us now is an admission of utter intellectual bankruptcy.
